Preparing for Class:
November 17
The Arabian
Nights, pp. 86-132
- A reminder: As you read these
stories, keep asking yourself who is telling each story and who is hearing
it, on all the levels of the narrative. Then think about how the story might
mean different things to different tellers and audiences. How can the same
story mean different things in different contexts?
- The guests begin telling tales
because they have broken a promise to the women in whose house they have just
feasted. Condemned to death, they have been given just one chance. If they
tell their life stories well enough they will be allowed to leave with their
heads still attached. How is that motivation similar to the telling of the
tales of the three old men in "The Merchant and the Demon"? How does it relate
to Shahrazad's own situation?
- What did the first dervish's
cousin neglect to tell him about the cousin's relationship with his sister?
What is God's response to the prince's hiding in the underground chamber with
the lady?
- The narrator's own misfortunes
are many; he saves his life after his father's vizier steals the kingdom by
using a popular fairy tale ploy. What western heroine also saves her life
this way?
- How does misfortune pursue the
narrator even to his uncle's kingdom?
- Do you think the first dervish
deserves his fate? Why or why not?
- The second dervish is also a
king's son. What constitutes a good education for a well-born young man in
his country? How does this training compare with that of the noble European
heroes in our previous readings?
- After being rescued by the tailor,
the second dervish encounters (by chance) a lady living in a buried palace.
Does that story remind you of any of the others in this book?
- After the narrator (predictably)
screws up, how does he distinguish himself as a hero? What do you think of
his decision to flee: is it practical or cowardly?
- Why is the lady punished so much
more severely than the narrator?
- "Mighty demon, if a woman, who
is befuddled, thoughtless, and inarticulate, refuses to strike off the head
of a man she does not know, how can I, a man, strike off the head of a woman
I do not know?" asks the narrator in "The Second Dervish's Tale." What can
you learn from this question?
- What's the moral of the story
the narrator tells the demon? Is it rhetorically effective? Does it persuade
the demon?
- How does bad luck still pursue
the narrator, even after he has been transformed into an ape?
- Why is the king so taken with
the ape (our narrator)?
- How does the king's daughter
recognize that the ape is actually a young man? Where did she acquire this
knowledge?
- Tales of shape changers are popular
in many cultures. Who was a shape changer in The Odyssey? How do you
capture (or kill) a shape changer? Why do you think this kind of story is
so popular with human beings in different cultures?
- How does the second dervish lose
his eye? Why does he end up on the road and poverty-stricken?
- Does he deserve his fate? Why
or why not?
- According to your text, a dervish
is an Islamic monk who travels from place to place, relying on the charity
of others to feed, clothe and house him as he informally teaches religious
truths. In Christian countries, monastic orders like the Franciscans lived
in the same way. What impact does it have on your reading of the third dervish's
tale to know that the teller has gone from great king to mendicant monk?
- Look for a pattern in the various
adventures of Ajib ibn-Khasib. What character traits help him in his journeys?
Does he have any traits that make him more likely to fail?
- What can you tell about the values
of the culture from which Ajib comes by reading his story? See if you can
find details that tell you about what the culture considers important--and
not important.
- Ajib's adventures echo other
adventure tales, including the tale of Odysseus. As you read, try to remember
other stories that seem similar to "The Third Dervish's Tale."
- How does Ajib escape the island
of the magic mountain? What goes wrong in his escape? How would you rate Ajib
on obedience?
- What is the significance of the
adventure in the underground chamber? Can you compare this tale to that of
"Sleeping Beauty" or Oedipus Rex? Any other comparisons?
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